유다 왕 아하스
아하스(Ahaz) 는
Kingdom of Judah 의 12번째 왕으로, 이름의 뜻은 '여호와께서 사로잡으셨다.'이다. 아버지는
Jotham (King of Judah) , 아들은
Hezekiah (King of Judah) 이다.
Kingdom of Judah 의 역대 군주
1 In the seventeenth year of Pekah the son of Remaliah , Ahaz the son of Jotham king of Judah began to reign.
2 Ahaz was twenty years old when he began to reign, and he reigned sixteen years in Jerusalem . He didn’t do that which was right in Yahweh his God’s eyes, like David his father.
성경에서는 특히 악한 왕으로 기록되었는데, 상대적으로 더 타락하고 왕조의 교체도 잦은 북 이스라엘 왕국보다 유다 자손의 혈통을 유지하고 이후 메시아이신 예수 그리스도의 조상이 되는 유다 왕국의 왕조에서 보기 드물 정도로 우상숭배의 범죄가 심했기 때문이다.
3 But he walked in the way of the kings of Israel , yes, and made his son to pass through the fire, according to the abominations of the nations whom Yahweh cast out from before the children of Israel.
4 He sacrificed and burned incense in the high places, on the hills, and under every green tree.
특히 자신의 아들을 불태워 바치기까지 했는데 이는 하나님께서 특별히 더욱 증오하시는 죄악이었다.
이런 이유로 아하스의 통치 기간동안에 북 이스라엘의 왕
Pekah 로부터 공격을 받아 엄청난 피해를 받게 되었다. 12만명이 죽고, 20만명이 포로로 잡혀가는 큰 피해가 발생했는데, 하나님의 선지자
Oded 을 비롯한 사람들이 포로를 놓아주라는 요구를 하여 겨우 해방이 되었다.
5 Therefore Yahweh his God delivered him into the hand of the king of Syria. They struck him, and carried away from him a great multitude of captives, and brought them to Damascus . He was also delivered into the hand of the king of Israel , who struck him with a great slaughter.
6 For Pekah the son of Remaliah killed in Judah one hundred twenty thousand in one day, all of them valiant men, because they had forsaken Yahweh, the God of their fathers.
7 Zichri, a mighty man of Ephraim , killed Maaseiah the king’s son, Azrikam the ruler of the house, and Elkanah who was next to the king.
8 The children of Israel carried away captive of their brothers two hundred thousand women, sons, and daughters, and also took away much plunder from them, and brought the plunder to Samaria .
9 But a prophet of Yahweh was there, whose name was Oded; and he went out to meet the army that came to Samaria , and said to them, “Behold, because Yahweh, the God of your fathers, was angry with Judah , he has delivered them into your hand, and you have slain them in a rage which has reached up to heaven.
10 Now you intend to degrade the children of Judah and Jerusalem as male and female slaves for yourselves. Aren’t there even with you trespasses of your own against Yahweh your God?
11 Now hear me therefore, and send back the captives that you have taken captive from your brothers, for the fierce wrath of Yahweh is on you.”
12 Then some of the heads of the children of Ephraim , Azariah the son of Johanan, Berechiah the son of Meshillemoth, Jehizkiah the son of Shallum, and Amasa the son of Hadlai , stood up against those who came from the war,
13 and said to them, “You must not bring in the captives here, for you intend that which will bring on us a trespass against Yahweh, to add to our sins and to our guilt; for our guilt is great, and there is fierce wrath against Israel .”
14 So the armed men left the captives and the plunder before the princes and all the assembly.
15 The men who have been mentioned by name rose up and took the captives, and with the plunder clothed all who were naked among them, dressed them, gave them sandals, and gave them something to eat and to drink, anointed them, carried all the feeble of them on donkeys, and brought them to Jericho , the city of palm trees, to their brothers. Then they returned to Samaria .
5 6 At that time Rezin king of Syria recovered Elath to Syria, and drove the Jews from Elath; and the Syrians came to Elath, and lived there, to this day.
이런 심한 피해 속에서도 하나님은 유다 왕국을 보호하셔서 완전히 멸망하도록 하는 것은 막아주셨다.
하나님은 선지자 이사야를 보내 아람 왕국과 북이스라엘의 베가가 동맹하였어도 두려워하지 말며 오히려 그들의 나라가 멸망할 것을 이야기 해주셨다.
1 In the days of Ahaz the son of Jotham, the son of Uzziah , king of Judah , Rezin the king of Syria, and Pekah the son of Remaliah, king of Israel , went up to Jerusalem to war against it, but could not prevail against it.
2 David ’s house was told, “Syria is allied with Ephraim .” His heart trembled, and the heart of his people, as the trees of the forest tremble with the wind.
3 Then Yahweh said to Isaiah, “Go out now to meet Ahaz , you, and Shearjashub your son, at the end of the conduit of the upper pool, on the highway of the fuller’s field.
4 Tell him, ‘Be careful, and keep calm. Don’t be afraid, neither let your heart be faint because of these two tails of smoking torches, for the fierce anger of Rezin and Syria, and of the son of Remaliah.
5 Because Syria, Ephraim , and the son of Remaliah, have plotted evil against you, saying,
6 “Let’s go up against Judah , and tear it apart, and let’s divide it among ourselves, and set up a king within it, even the son of Tabeel.”
7 This is what the Lord Yahweh says: “It shall not stand, neither shall it happen.”
8 For the head of Syria is Damascus , and the head of Damascus is Rezin. Within sixty-five years Ephraim shall be broken in pieces, so that it shall not be a people.
그러면서 말하기를 "너희가 굳게 믿지 아니하면 너희는 굳게 서지 못하리라" 하시고, 또 이를 위하여 "징조를 구하라" 하셨다.
9 The head of Ephraim is Samaria , and the head of Samaria is Remaliah’s son. If you will not believe, surely you shall not be established.’ ”
10 Yahweh spoke again to Ahaz , saying,
11 “Ask a sign of Yahweh your God; ask it either in the depth, or in the height above.”
그러나, 아하스는 그런 하나님을 믿고 의지하기를 거부하였다.
But Ahaz said, “I won’t ask. I won’t tempt Yahweh.”
그리고 그는 다른 이방민족의 침략까지 계속 일어나자
Assyria 왕에게 도움을 요청하게 된다. 그래서 공격해오는 에돔과 블레셋으로부터 막아주기를 구했는데, 성경에서는 이를 하나님이 유다를 낮추셨다고 기록하였다.
16 At that time king Ahaz sent to the kings of Assyria to help him.
17 For again the Edomites had come and struck Judah , and carried away captives.
18 The Philistines also had invaded the cities of the lowland, and of the South of Judah , and had taken Beth Shemesh, Aijalon, Gederoth , Soco with its villages, Timnah with its villages, and also Gimzo and its villages; and they lived there.
19 For Yahweh brought Judah low because of Ahaz king of Israel , because he acted without restraint in Judah and trespassed severely against Yahweh.
이렇게, 하나님께 의지하기보다 주변 강국인
Assyria 에게 의지를 하였으나, 앗수르 왕
Tiglath-Pileser 은 오히려 이 아하스를 더욱 괴롭게 하였다. 결국 왕궁의 재물, 성전의 재물도 모자라 신하들의 재물까지 긁어모아 바쳤으나 디글랏 빌레셀은 물러가지 않았다.
20 Tilgath Pilneser king of Assyria came to him, and gave him trouble, but didn’t strengthen him.
21 For Ahaz took away a portion out of Yahweh’s house, and out of the house of the king and of the princes, and gave it to the king of Assyria ; but it didn’t help him.
이렇게 어려움이 더해지자 아하스는 오히려 더욱더 우상숭배에 열을 올리게 된다. 자신을 공격한 이방민족의 신에게 제사를 하고, 또 하나님 성전의 기구를 부수고 예루살렘 구석마다 제단을 쌓아 우상숭배를 하게 되었다.
22 In the time of his distress, he trespassed yet more against Yahweh, this same king Ahaz .
23 For he sacrificed to the gods of Damascus , which struck him. He said, “Because the gods of the kings of Syria helped them, so I will sacrifice to them, that they may help me.” But they were the ruin of him, and of all Israel .
24 Ahaz gathered together the vessels of God’s house, and cut the vessels of God’s house in pieces, and shut up the doors of Yahweh’s house; and he made himself altars in every corner of Jerusalem .
25 In every city of Judah he made high places to burn incense to other gods, and provoked Yahweh, the God of his fathers, to anger.
열왕기하 16장 의 기록을 보면 그는 디글랏 빌레셀에게 조공을 바치기 위해 다메섹으로 갔다왔는데, 그때 그들의 우상숭배에 대해 감명을 받아 그들의 제사방식을 적어 제사장
우리야 에게 보내 똑같이 우상숭배하도록 할 정도로 우상숭배에 열심이었다.
10 King Ahaz went to Damascus to meet Tiglath Pileser king of Assyria , and saw the altar that was at Damascus; and king Ahaz sent to Urijah the priest a drawing of the altar and plans to build it.
11 Urijah the priest built an altar. According to all that king Ahaz had sent from Damascus , so Urijah the priest made it for the coming of king Ahaz from Damascus.
12 When the king had come from Damascus , the king saw the altar; and the king came near to the altar, and offered on it.
위의 역대하 28장 19절에 보면 아예
이스라엘 왕 아하스 라고 기록했는데, 이는 그만큼 타락했음을 나타내는 의도적인 기록으로 보인다.
For Yahweh brought Judah low because of Ahaz king of Israel , because he acted without restraint in Judah and trespassed severely against Yahweh.
결국 그는 죽어서 예루살렘 성에 장사되었으나, 왕들의 묘실에 묻히지는 못했다.
26 Now the rest of his acts, and all his ways, first and last, behold, they are written in the book of the kings of Judah and Israel .
27 Ahaz slept with his fathers, and they buried him in the city, even in Jerusalem , because they didn’t bring him into the tombs of the kings of Israel ; and Hezekiah his son reigned in his place.
세상적인 관점에서는 강대국 사이에서 외교적인 노력을 한 왕이며, 당시 떠오르던 강대국이던
Assyria 와 화친을 맺은 왕이라 할 수있으나 하나님의 관점에서는 악한 왕이다.
앗수르를 방문해서 당시 첨단문물이라 할 수 있는 해시계를 가지고 온 것으로 추정된다.
Isaiah the prophet cried to Yahweh; and he brought the shadow ten steps backward, by which it had gone down on the sundial of Ahaz .
Behold, I will cause the shadow on the sundial, which has gone down on the sundial of Ahaz with the sun, to return backward ten steps.” ’ ” So the sun returned ten steps on the sundial on which it had gone down.
34 The son of Jonathan was Merib Baal. Merib Baal became the father of Micah.
35 The sons of Micah: Pithon, Melech , Tarea, and Ahaz .
36 Ahaz became the father of Jehoaddah . Jehoaddah became the father of Alemeth, Azmaveth, and Zimri. Zimri became the father of Moza.